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RELATED NORTH KOREA / IRAN  DREAMS:RV004  DD586  DD714  DD829  DD1786  DD2645  DD2767  DD3122  DD3242  DD3306  DD3348  DD3594  DD3860   DD3899  DD3956  DD3986  DD4068  DD4183  DD4438  DD4446  DD4449  DD4465  DD4473  DD4492  DD4520  DD4542  DD4564  DD4613  DD4659  DD4687  DD4690  DD4737  DD4825  DD4854  DD4837  DD4901  DD4909  DD4916  DD4917A Korean Drilling ship hits "dark matter" instead of oil.

12.31.2006
In the upper left corner your dream says "J Ostriker". Turns out that he's
an astrophysicist specializing in Dark Matter!  What a surprise.  Here is
some info on him. There is a lot more info on this, if you google J.
Ostriker and/or Dark Matter.  ~ bonnie w ~

reply

Thanks again, and will post ASAP as usual.Brian

From www.astro.princeton.edu
Astrophysics, abstract
astro-ph/0509856

From: Laurie Shaw [view email]
Date (v1): Wed, 28 Sep 2005 20:07:26 GMT   (336kb)
Date (revised v2): Wed, 30 Aug 2006 19:29:29 GMT   (836kb)

Statistics of Physical Properties of Dark Matter Clusters
Authors: L.D. Shaw, J. Weller, J.P. Ostriker, P. Bode
Comments: Updated to match version published in ApJ, includes longer
discussion of the virialisation criterium, 4 figures from original version
deemed not essential to the main results and conclusions removed, uses
emulate apj
Journal-ref: Astrophys.J. 646 (2006) 815

   We have identified over 2000 well resolved cluster halos, and also their
associated bound subhalos, from the output of a 1024^3 particle cosmological
N-body simulation (of box size 320 h^-1 Mpc and softening length 3.2 h^-1
kpc). This has allowed us to measure halo quantities in a statistically
meaningful way, and for the first time analyse their distribution for a
large and well resolved sample. We characterize each halo in terms of its
morphology, concentration, spin, circular velocity and the fraction of their
mass in substructure. We also identify those halos that have not yet reached
a state of dynamical equilibrium using the virial theorem with an additional
correction to account for the surface pressure at the boundary. These amount
to 3.4% of our initial sample. For the virialized halos, we find a median of
5.6% of halo mass is contained within substructure, with the distribution
ranging between no identified subhalos to 65%. The fraction of mass in
substructure increases with halo mass with logarithmic slope of 0.44 +-
0.06. Halos tend to have a prolate morphology, becoming more so with
increasing mass. Subhalos have a greater orbital angular momentum per unit
mass than their host halo. Furthermore, their orbital angular momentum is
typically well aligned with that of their host. Overall, we find that
dimensionless properties of dark matter halos do depend on their mass,
thereby demonstrating a lack of self-similarity.
--
 

1.16.2007Hi Brian -  Here is a news article fresh off the presses today, about Dark
Matter.
You may or may not want to post it, but it does explain a little more about
what
Dark Matter is.   ~ bonnie w ~

reply

Thanks Bonnie, and I will post it :)Brian

THE UNIVERSE GIVES UP ITS DEEPEST SECRET
By Steve Connor
The Independent
January 8, 2007

http://news.independent.co.uk/world/science_technology/article2134891.ece

One of the greatest mysteries of the universe is about to be unravelled with
the first detailed, three-dimensional map of dark matter -- the invisible
material that makes up most of the cosmos.

Astronomers announced yesterday that they have achieved the apparently
impossible task of creating a picture of something that has defied every
attempt to detect it since its existence was first postulated in 1933.

Scientists have known for many years that there is more to the universe than
can be seen or detected through their telescopes but it is only now that
they have been able to capture the first significant 3D-image of this
otherwise invisible material.

Unlike the ordinary matter of the planets, stars and galaxies, which can be
seen through telescopes or detected by scientific instruments, nobody has
seen dark matter or knows what it is made of, though calculations suggest
that it is at least six times bigger than the rest of the visible universe
combined.

A team of 70 astronomers from Europe, America and Japan used the Hubble
space telescope to build up a picture of dark matter in a vast region of
space where some of the galaxies date back to half the age of the universe -
nearly 7 billion years.

They used a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing, first predicted by
Albert Einstein, to investigate an area of the sky nine times the size of a
full moon. Gravitational lensing occurs when light from distant galaxies is
bent by the gravitational influence of any matter that it passes on its
journey through space.

The scientists were able to exploit the technique by collecting the
distorted light from half a million faraway galaxies to reconstruct some of
the missing mass of the universe which is otherwise invisible to
conventional telescopes.

"We have, for the first time, mapped the large-scale distribution of dark
matter in the universe," said Richard Massey of the California Institute of
Technology in Pasadena, one of the lead scientists in the team. "Dark matter
is a mysterious and invisible form of matter, about which we know very
little, yet it dominates the mass of the universe."

One of the most important discoveries to emerge from the study is that dark
matter appears to form an invisible scaffold or skeleton around which the
visible universe has formed.

Although cosmologists have theorised that this would be the case, the
findings are dramatic proof that their calculations are correct and that,
without dark matter, the known universe that we can see would not be able to
exist.

"A filamentary web of dark matter is threaded through the entire universe,
and acts as scaffolding within which the ordinary matter -- including stars,
galaxies and planets -- can later be built," Dr Massey said. "The most
surprising aspect of our map is how unsurprising it is. Overall, we seem to
understand really well what happens during the formation of structure and
the evolution of the universe," he said.

The three-dimensional map of dark matter was built up by taking slices
through different regions of space much like a medical CT scanner build a
3-D image of the body by taking different X-ray "slices" in two dimensions.

Data from the Hubble telescope was supplemented by measurements from
telescopes on the ground, such as the Very Large Telescope of the European
Southern Observatory in Chile and the Japanese Subaru telescope in Hawaii.

Details of the dark matter map were released yesterday at the annual meeting
of the American Astronomical Society in Seattle and published online by the
journal Nature. The map stretches half way back to the beginning of the
universe and shows that dark matter has formed into "clumps" as it collapsed
under gravity. Other matter then grouped around these clumps to form the
visible stars, galaxies and planets.

"The 3-D information is vital to studying the evolution of the structures
over cosmic time," said Jason Rhodes of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in
Pasadena.

Astronomers have compared the task of detecting dark matter to the
difficulty of photographing a city at night from the air when only street
lights are visible.

Scientists said the new images were equivalent to seeing a city, its suburbs
and country roads in daylight for the first time. Major arteries and
intersections become evident and a variety of neighbourhoods are revealed.

"Now that we have begun to map out where dark matter is, the next challenge
is to determine what it is, and specifically its relationship to normal
matter," Dr Massey said. "We have answered the first question about where
the dark matter it, but the ultimate goal will be to determine what it is."

Various experiments on Earth are under way to try to find out what dark
matter is made of. One theory is that it is composed of mysterious
sub-atomic particles that are difficult to detect because they do not
interact with ordinary matter and so cannot be picked up and identified by
conventional scientific instruments. Comparing the maps of visible matter
and dark matter have already pointed to anomalies that could prove critical
to the understanding of what constitutes dark matter.

--
No virus found in this outgoing message.
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1:37 PM

 

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